SpringBoot:SpringBoot 调用第三方接口的几种方式
在Spring Boot中调用第三方接口的常见方式有以下几种:
- 使用Spring的RestTemplate
RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端,它提供了一系列的模板方法来简化Rest调用。
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
public String callThirdPartyService(String url) {
return restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
}
- 使用Java的HttpURLConnection
HttpURLConnection是Java标准库中的一个类,用于发送HTTP请求和读取HTTP响应。
public String callThirdPartyService(String url) {
try {
URL obj = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();
con.setRequestMethod("GET");
int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { // 200
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String inputLine;
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(inputLine);
}
in.close();
return response.toString();
} else {
return "GET request not worked";
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return e.toString();
}
}
- 使用Apache的HttpClient
HttpClient是Apache的一个开源项目,提供了发送HTTP请求和处理HTTP响应的API。
public String callThirdPartyService(String url) throws IOException {
try (CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
try (CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet)) {
return EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
}
}
}
- 使用Spring WebClient (推荐)
WebClient是Spring 5引入的新Reactive非阻塞客户端,用于发送HTTP请求。
public Mono<String> callThirdPartyService(String url) {
return WebClient.create()
.get()
.uri(url)
.retrieve()
.bodyToMono(String.class);
}
以上方法中,WebClient是最现代和反应式的方法,特别适合于WebFlux应用程序。其他方法可能更直观,但WebClient可能是更好的选择,特别是对于需要处理大量并发请求的场景。
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