10个Python爬虫入门实例_python 爬虫代码简单例子,2024年最新网络安全中高级岗面试为何越来越难
以下是10个Python爬虫入门示例的代码简例:
- 简单的网页爬取:
import requests
url = 'http://example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
print(response.text)
- 使用BeautifulSoup解析HTML:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
url = 'http://example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
print(soup.prettify())
- 使用lxml解析XML或HTML:
import lxml.html
import requests
url = 'http://example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
tree = lxml.html.fromstring(response.content)
print(tree)
- 使用Scrapy框架创建一个简单的爬虫:
import scrapy
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'myspider'
start_urls = ['http://example.com']
def parse(self, response):
# 提取信息的逻辑
pass
- 使用Selenium模拟用户行为爬取动态网页:
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('http://example.com')
print(driver.page_source)
driver.quit()
- 使用aiohttp异步爬取网页:
import aiohttp
async def fetch(session, url):
async with session.get(url) as response:
return await response.text()
async def main():
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
html = await fetch(session, 'http://example.com')
print(html)
- 使用Pandas读取网页表格:
import pandas as pd
url = 'http://example.com/data'
df = pd.read_html(url)[0] # 假设网页上第一个表格是我们需要的
print(df)
- 使用Google的goolgetrans模块翻译文本:
from googletrans import Translator
translator = Translator()
text = translator.translate('Hello', dest='es').text
print(text)
- 使用Pillow进行图片下载和处理:
from PIL import Image
import requests
url = 'http://example.com/image.jpg'
response = requests.get(url)
image = Image.open(requests.BytesIO(response.content))
image.show()
- 使用PyMuPDF解析和提取PDF文件中的文本:
import fitz # PyMuPDF
pdf_file = 'example.pdf'
pdf = fitz.open(pdf_file)
for page in pdf:
text = page.get_text()
print(text)
pdf.close()
这些例子展示了Python爬虫的不同方面,包括简单的网页爬取、使用BeautifulSoup解析HTML、使用Scrapy框架、模拟用户行为爬取动态网页、异步爬取、读取网页表格、文本翻译、图片处理和PDF文档解析。每个例子都简单明了,可以作为学习爬虫的起点。
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