【Spring Boot】用 Spring Security 实现后台登录及权限认证功能

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
 
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
            .withUser(User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
                          .username("user")
                          .password("password")
                          .roles("USER"));
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/", "/home").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
            .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .permitAll()
                .and()
            .logout()
                .permitAll();
    }
 
    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
        InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("user").password(passwordEncoder().encode("password")).roles("USER").build());
        return manager;
    }
 
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance(); // 仅用于示例，生产环境不建议使用
    }
}

这段代码定义了一个简单的安全配置，使用内存中用户存储来认证用户。它展示了如何配置Spring Security来要求登录，并且如何创建一个用户详情服务。在实际应用中，你应该使用更安全的密码编码方式和更稳健的用户存储方法。