Spring Boot读取配置的几种方式

Spring Boot提供了多种方式来读取配置，以下是一些常用的方法：

1. 使用@Value注解：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component
public class MyBean {
    @Value("${my.property}")
    private String myProperty;
    // ...
}

2. 使用Environment接口：

import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component
public class MyBean {
    private Environment environment;
 
    @Autowired
    public MyBean(Environment environment) {
        this.environment = environment;
    }
 
    public String getMyProperty() {
        return environment.getProperty("my.property");
    }
    // ...
}

3. 使用@ConfigurationProperties创建配置类：

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="my")
public class MyProperties {
    private String property;
    // Getters and setters
}

4. 使用@PropertySource和Environment读取外部配置文件：

import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component
@PropertySource("classpath:myconfig.properties")
public class MyConfigReader {
    @Autowired
    private Environment environment;
 
    public String getMyProperty() {
        return environment.getProperty("my.property");
    }
    // ...
}

5. 使用@ConfigurationProperties结合@PropertySource读取特定配置：

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
 
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:myconfig.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="my")
public class MyConfig {
    private String property;
    // Getters and setters
}

以上方法可以根据需要选择适合的方式来读取配置。