构建以caffeine为L1，Redis为L2的多级缓存

要构建一个以Caffeine为L1缓存，Redis为L2缓存的多级缓存系统，你可以使用Spring Cache抽象和相应的实现。以下是一个简单的例子：

1. 在pom.xml中添加依赖：

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot Cache Abstraction -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Caffeine Cache -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.ben-manes.caffeine</groupId>
        <artifactId>caffeine</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Redis Cache -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置CacheManager：

import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
 
import java.time.Duration;
 
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class CacheConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
        RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
                .entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(10)) // 缓存有效期10分钟
                .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));
 
        return RedisCacheManager.builder()
                .cacheDefaults(cacheConfiguration)
                .transactionAware()
                .build();
    }
 
    @Bean
    public com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache<Object, Object> caffeineCache() {
        return Caffeine.newBuilder()
                .expireAfterWrite(10, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MINUTES) // L1缓存有效期10分钟
                .build();
    }
}

3. 使用缓存：

import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
import org.springframework.cache.