java中使用rabbitmq

在Java中使用RabbitMQ，你需要依赖RabbitMQ提供的Java客户端库。以下是一个简单的例子，展示了如何在Java中发送和接收消息。

首先，添加Maven依赖到你的项目中：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
    <version>5.13.0</version>
</dependency>

以下是一个简单的生产者代码示例：

import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
 
public class Send {
  private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
 
  public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
    // 创建连接工厂
    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    // 创建连接和通道
    try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
         Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
      // 声明一个队列，如果队列不存在会被创建
      channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
      String message = "Hello World!";
      // 发布消息到队列中
      channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
      System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
    }
  }
}

以下是一个简单的消费者代码示例：

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
 
public class Recv {
  private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
 
  public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
    // 创建连接工厂
    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    // 创建连接和通道
    try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
         Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
      // 声明一个队列，如果队列不存在会被创建
      channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
      System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
 
      // 创建队列消费者
      Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
        @Override
        public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
          String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
          System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
        }
      };
      // 监听队列，Auto-ack = true
      channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
  }
}

确保RabbitMQ服务器正在运行，然后先运行Send类发送消息，接着运行Recv类接收消息。