『scrapy爬虫』02.实战豆瓣小例子（保姆级图文）

import scrapy
 
class DoubanMovieItem(scrapy.Item):
    # 定义爬取的字段
    movie_name = scrapy.Field()
    movie_rating = scrapy.Field()
    movie_comment = scrapy.Field()
 
class DoubanMovieSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'douban_movie'
    allowed_domains = ['douban.com']
    start_urls = ['https://movie.douban.com/top250']
 
    def parse(self, response):
        # 提取电影信息的xpath路径
        movie_selectors = response.xpath('//div[@class="info"]')
        for movie_selector in movie_selectors:
            item = DoubanMovieItem()
            # 提取电影名称
            movie_name = movie_selector.xpath('.//a/span[1]/text()').extract_first()
            item['movie_name'] = movie_name.strip() if movie_name else None
            # 提取电影评分
            movie_rating = movie_selector.xpath('.//div[@class="star"]/span[2]/text()').extract_first()
            item['movie_rating'] = movie_rating.strip() if movie_rating else None
            # 提取电影评论
            movie_comment = movie_selector.xpath('.//p[@class="quote"]/span/text()').extract_first()
            item['movie_comment'] = movie_comment.strip() if movie_comment else None
            yield item
 
        # 提取下一页链接并进行爬取
        next_page_url = response.xpath('//span[@class="next"]/a/@href').extract_first
        if next_page_url:
            next_page_full_url = response.urljoin(next_page_url)
            yield scrapy.Request(next_page_full_url, callback=self.parse)

这段代码实现了一个简单的Scrapy爬虫，用于抓取豆瓣电影TOP250的电影名称、评分和评论。它使用XPath选择器来定位页面元素，并使用Item对象来存储爬取的数据。此外，它还实现了简单的分页逻辑来爬取所有页的数据。