Spring Boot 实现读写分离,还有谁不会?
在Spring Boot中实现读写分离,通常涉及到使用Spring Data JPA或MyBatis等持久层框架,并配合数据源路由来实现。以下是一个简化的例子:
- 引入依赖(以Spring Data JPA为例):
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>shardingsphere-jdbc-core-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>最新版本</version>
</dependency>
- 配置数据源和ShardingSphere:
spring:
shardingsphere:
datasource:
names: ds0,ds1
ds0:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db0
username: root
password:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
ds1:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1
username: root
password:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
sharding:
tables:
t_order:
actualDataNodes: ds${0..1}.t_order_${0..1}
databaseStrategy:
standard:
shardingColumn: user_id
shardingAlgorithmName: table_sharding_algorithm
tableStrategy:
standard:
shardingColumn: order_id
shardingAlgorithmName: table_sharding_algorithm
shardingAlgorithms:
table_sharding_algorithm:
type: INLINE
props:
algorithm-expression: t_order_${user_id % 2}
props:
sql-show: true
- 配置实体类和Repository接口:
@Entity
public class Order {
@Id
private Long id;
private String userId;
// 省略其他字段、构造函数、getter和setter
}
public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<Order, Long> {
// 自定义查询方法
}
- 使用读写分离:
@Service
public class OrderService {
@Autowired
private OrderRepository orderRepository;
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
public List<Order> listReadOnly() {
return orderRepository.findAll();
}
@Transactional
public Order insert(Order order) {
return orderRepository.save(order);
}
}
在上述配置中,listReadOnly
方法被标记为只读事务,而insert
方法则需要在写操作时确保在主数据源上执行。ShardingSphere会根据配置的分片策略来自动路由读写操作到对应的数据源。
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