【SpringBoot】SpringBoot：构建实时聊天应用

要在Spring Boot中构建实时聊天应用，你可以使用WebSocket。以下是一个简单的例子，展示了如何使用Spring Boot和WebSocket来构建一个基本的实时聊天应用。

1. 添加依赖到你的pom.xml：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 配置WebSocket：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
 
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
    
    @Override
    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
        registry.addEndpoint("/ws").withSockJS();
    }
 
    @Override
    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
        registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");
        registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
    }
}

3. 创建消息控制器：

import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 
@Controller
public class ChatController {
 
    @MessageMapping("/chat.sendMessage")
    @SendTo("/topic/public")
    public ChatMessage sendMessage(ChatMessage message) {
        return message;
    }
}

4. 创建消息实体类：

public class ChatMessage {
    private String content;
    private String sender;
 
    // Getters and setters
}

5. 前端使用WebSocket发送和接收消息：

const socket = new WebSocket('ws://' + window.location.host + '/ws');
 
socket.onopen = function(event) {
    console.log('WebSocket connected');
};
 
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
    console.log('Received message: ' + event.data);
};
 
function sendMessage(message) {
    socket.send(JSON.stringify({
        destination: "/app/chat.sendMessage",
        content: message
    }));
}
 
socket.onclose = function(event) {
    console.log('WebSocket closed');
};
 
socket.onerror = function(event) {
    console.error('WebSocket error observed:', event);
};

确保你的前端JavaScript代码连接到正确的WebSocket端点，并且在发送和接收消息时遵循你的应用程序的路径和协议。

这个简单的例子展示了