一文搞懂MQTT，如何在SpringBoot中使用MQTT实现消息的订阅和发布

在Spring Boot中使用MQTT实现消息的发布和订阅，你可以使用Spring Integration with MQTT。以下是一个简单的例子：

1. 添加依赖到你的pom.xml：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-integration-stream</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置MQTT客户端并定义消息通道：

@Configuration
public class MqttConfig {
 
    @Value("${mqtt.broker.url}")
    private String brokerUrl;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.client.id}")
    private String clientId;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.username}")
    private String userName;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.password}")
    private String password;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.default.topic}")
    private String defaultTopic;
 
    @Bean
    public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClient() {
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setServerURIs(new String[]{brokerUrl});
        options.setUserName(userName);
        options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
        factory.setConnectionOptions(options);
        return factory;
    }
 
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel mqttInputChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }
 
    @Bean
    public MessageProducer inbound() {
        MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
                new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(clientId, mqttClient(), defaultTopic);
        adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
        adapter.setQos(2);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel());
        return adapter;
    }
}

3. 消息处理：

@Component
@Log4j
public class MqttMessageHandler {
 
    @Autowired
    private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate;
 
    @Autowired
    private MessageChannel mqttInputChannel;
 
    @Autowired
    private MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory;
 
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {