Spring Boot 实现 RabbitMQ 监听消息的几种方式

Spring Boot实现RabbitMQ监听消息主要有以下几种方式：

1. 使用@RabbitListener注解

@Component
public class Listener {
 
    @RabbitListener(queues = "myQueue")
    public void processMessage(String content) {
        System.out.println("Received Message: " + content);
    }
}

2. 使用MessageListenerAdapter

@Component
public class Listener {
 
    @RabbitListener(queues = "myQueue")
    public void processMessage(String content) {
        System.out.println("Received Message: " + content);
    }
 
    @Bean
    MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
        return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "handleMessage");
    }
 
    public static class Receiver {
        public void handleMessage(String content) {
            System.out.println("Received Message: " + content);
        }
    }
}

3. 使用@RabbitHandler注解

@Component
public class Listener {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void processMessage(String content) {
        System.out.println("Received Message: " + content);
    }
}

4. 使用MessageListener接口

@Component
public class Listener implements MessageListener {
 
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        String content = new String(message.getBody());
        System.out.println("Received Message: " + content);
    }
}

在Spring Boot的配置文件中（application.properties或application.yml），你需要配置RabbitMQ的连接信息，例如主机名、端口、用户名、密码等。

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

确保你的Spring Boot应用程序已经添加了RabbitMQ的依赖。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

以上方法都需要在类或者方法上标注@Component注解，以便Spring Boot可以自动扫描并注册为Bean。在实际使用时，你可以根据具体需求选择合适的方式来实现RabbitMQ的消息监听。