postgre进阶sql
PostgreSQL是一个强大的开源数据库系统,以其稳定性和可靠性而著名。以下是一些进阶的SQL查询示例,它们可以用来处理更复杂的数据分析任务:
- 使用CTE(公共表表达式)进行递归查询:
WITH RECURSIVE subordinates AS (
SELECT employee_id, name, supervisor_id
FROM employees
WHERE supervisor_id IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT e.employee_id, e.name, e.supervisor_id
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN subordinates s ON s.employee_id = e.supervisor_id
)
SELECT * FROM subordinates;
- 使用窗口函数(OVER)进行复杂的数据分析:
SELECT
name,
salary,
RANK() OVER (ORDER BY salary DESC) as rank
FROM
employees;
- 使用CASE语句进行条件选择和聚合:
SELECT
name,
CASE
WHEN salary > 50000 THEN 'High'
WHEN salary BETWEEN 30000 AND 50000 THEN 'Medium'
ELSE 'Low'
END AS salary_level
FROM
employees;
- 使用DISTINCT去除重复行:
SELECT DISTINCT
department
FROM
employees;
- 使用JOIN操作合并多个表的数据:
SELECT
e.name,
d.name as department_name
FROM
employees e
JOIN
departments d ON e.department_id = d.id;
- 使用子查询嵌套查询:
SELECT
name
FROM
employees
WHERE
department_id IN (SELECT id FROM departments WHERE name = 'Sales');
这些示例展示了PostgreSQL中一些高级查询技术,可以根据实际需求进行修改和应用。
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