8.网络爬虫—深入理解Ajax请求与SSL证书验证

import requests
 
# 发送AJAX请求的示例函数
def send_ajax_request(url, session, headers=None):
    try:
        response = session.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=5)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            return response.json()
        else:
            print(f"请求失败，状态码: {response.status_code}")
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(f"请求出错: {e}")
    except requests.exceptions.Timeout as e:
        print(f"请求超时: {e}")
    except requests.exceptions.TooManyRedirects as e:
        print(f"重定向过多: {e}")
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e:
        print(f"HTTP错误: {e}")
    except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as e:
        print(f"连接错误: {e}")
    except requests.exceptions.SSLError as e:
        print(f"SSL错误: {e}")
 
# 使用示例
url = "https://api.example.com/data"
headers = {"User-Agent": "My User Agent 1.0"}
 
# 创建一个requests.Session实例
session = requests.Session()
 
# 发送AJAX请求
send_ajax_request(url, session, headers)

这个代码示例展示了如何使用requests库来发送AJAX请求，并处理可能出现的异常。它创建了一个requests.Session实例来管理cookie，并且在发送请求时指定了headers。对于出现的异常，它打印出错误信息，这有助于调试和了解发生了什么。