Oracle实用相关备忘
Oracle数据库是世界上最流行的关系型数据库管理系统之一,以其高可靠性、安全性和可伸缩性而闻名。以下是一些关于Oracle数据库的实用备忘技巧,这些技巧可以帮助你更高效地使用Oracle数据库。
- 创建用户和授权:
CREATE USER username IDENTIFIED BY password;
GRANT connect, resource TO username;
- 创建和管理表:
CREATE TABLE employees (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50),
salary NUMBER(10, 2),
hire_date DATE
);
ALTER TABLE employees ADD (email VARCHAR2(100));
DROP TABLE employees;
- 插入、更新和删除数据:
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary, hire_date) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 50000, SYSDATE);
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE name = 'John Doe';
DELETE FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
- 创建和管理索引:
CREATE INDEX idx_employee_name ON employees(name);
DROP INDEX idx_employee_name;
- 查询数据:
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;
- 创建和管理视图:
CREATE VIEW high_salary_employees AS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;
DROP VIEW high_salary_employees;
- 管理事务:
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE;
START TRANSACTION;
COMMIT;
ROLLBACK;
- 创建和管理存储过程:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE raise_salary(p_id IN NUMBER, p_raise NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + p_raise WHERE id = p_id;
END raise_salary;
- 创建和管理触发器:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER before_emp_insert
BEFORE INSERT ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- 在插入之前,可以在这里添加额外的逻辑
END;
- 导出和导入数据:
exp username/password@dbname file=export.dmp
imp username/password@dbname file=export.dmp full=yes
这些是Oracle数据库管理和开发中常用的命令和技巧。记住这些命令和概念可以帮助你更高效地使用Oracle数据库,并能够在面试中给予回答。
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