【高级应用篇】深入Spring Boot与RabbitMQ：构建可靠的微服务通信

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
 
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "my-exchange";
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "my-queue";
    private static final String ROUTING_KEY = "my-routing-key";
 
    @Bean
    Queue myQueue() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME, true);
    }
 
    @Bean
    DirectExchange myExchange() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME);
    }
 
    @Bean
    Binding binding(Queue myQueue, DirectExchange myExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(myQueue).to(myExchange).with(ROUTING_KEY);
    }
 
    @Bean
    RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
    }
}

这段代码定义了一个配置类，它使用Spring AMQP和RabbitMQ的API来创建一个名为my-exchange的直接交换机，一个名为my-queue的队列，并将这个队列通过my-routing-key绑定到这个交换机上。同时，它还提供了一个RabbitAdmin的Bean，用于管理和自动声明这些RabbitMQ组件。这样，在Spring Boot应用程序启动时，这些组件就会被创建和配置好，可供服务之间的消息通信使用。