分布式锁和消息队列：Redis和RabbitMQ的实现

在实现分布式锁和消息队列时，可以使用Redis和RabbitMQ。以下是两种场景的简化示例代码：

分布式锁的实现：

使用Redis实现分布式锁：

import redis
import uuid
 
def acquire_lock(conn, lock_name):
    identifier = str(uuid.uuid4())
    lock_key = 'lock:' + lock_name
    end = time.time() + 10  # 10秒后自动释放锁
 
    while time.time() < end:
        if conn.setnx(lock_key, identifier):  # 尝试获取锁
            conn.expire(lock_key, 10)  # 设置锁的过期时间
            return identifier
        time.sleep(0.001)
 
    return False
 
def release_lock(conn, lock_name, identifier):
    lock_key = 'lock:' + lock_name
 
    with conn.pipeline() as pipe:
        while True:
            try:
                pipe.watch(lock_key)
                if pipe.get(lock_key) == identifier:
                    pipe.multi()
                    pipe.delete(lock_key)
                    pipe.execute()
                    return True
                pipe.unwatch()
                break
            except redis.exceptions.WatchError:
                pass
    return False

消息队列的实现：

使用RabbitMQ实现消息队列：

import pika
 
def setup_queue(queue_name):
    connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
    channel = connection.channel()
 
    channel.queue_declare(queue=queue_name, durable=True)
    return connection, channel
 
def publish_message(queue_name, message):
    connection, channel = setup_queue(queue_name)
 
    channel.basic_publish(
        exchange='',
        routing_key=queue_name,
        body=message,
        properties=pika.BasicProperties(
            delivery_mode=2,  # 使消息持久化
        ),
    )
    print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
    connection.close()
 
def consume_message(queue_name, on_message_callback):
    connection, channel = setup_queue(queue_name)
 
    def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
        on_message_callback(body)
 
    channel.basic_consume(
        queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True
    )
 
    print(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")
    channel.start_consuming()

使用这两段代码，你可以实现分布式锁和消息队列的功能。在实际应用中，你需要根据具体需求调整超时时间、重试策略、持久化设置等参数。