Python3 数据压缩和归档

import os
import tarfile
import zipfile
from io import BytesIO
from tempfile import TemporaryFile
 
def compress_file(file_path, compression_format):
    """
    将指定文件根据压缩格式进行压缩。
    :param file_path: 文件路径
    :param compression_format: 压缩格式，支持 'zip' 或 'tar.gz'
    :return: 压缩后的文件对象和压缩格式
    """
    if compression_format not in ['zip', 'tar.gz']:
        raise ValueError("Unsupported compression format")
    
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
        compressed_file = BytesIO()
        if compression_format == 'zip':
            with zipfile.ZipFile(compressed_file, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip_file:
                zip_file.writestr(os.path.basename(file_path), file.read())
        elif compression_format == 'tar.gz':
            with tarfile.open(fileobj=compressed_file, mode='w:gz') as tar_file:
                tar_file.add(file_path, arcname=os.path.basename(file_path))
        compressed_file.seek(0)
        return compressed_file, compression_format
 
def decompress_file(compressed_file, compression_format):
    """
    将指定的压缩文件解压至临时文件中。
    :param compressed_file: 压缩文件对象
    :param compression_format: 压缩格式
    :return: 解压后的临时文件对象
    """
    compressed_file.seek(0)
    temp_file = TemporaryFile()
    if compression_format == 'zip':
        with zipfile.ZipFile(compressed_file) as zip_file:
            with temp_file:
                temp_file.write(zip_file.read(zip_file.namelist()[0]))
    elif compression_format == 'tar.gz':
        with tarfile.open(fileobj=compressed_file) as tar_file:
            with temp_file:
                temp_file.write(tar_file.extractfile(tar_file.getmembers()[0]).read())
    temp_file.seek(0)
    return temp_file
 
# 示例使用
compressed_file, compression_format = compress_file('example.txt', 'zip')
decompressed_file = decompress_file(compressed_file, compression_format)
print(decompressed_file.read().decode())
compressed_file.close()
decompressed_file.close()

这段代码展示了如何使用Python进行文件的压缩和解压。其中compress_file函数接受文件路径和压缩格式，然后压缩文件。decompress_file函数接受压缩文件对象和压缩格式，将文件解压至临时文件中。最后，我们提供了使用这些功能的示例。