mysql 增量备份与恢复使用详解

-- 假设我们有一个表 `backup_log` 用于记录备份操作
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `backup_log` (
  `backup_id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  `backup_type` ENUM('FULL', 'INCREMENTAL') NOT NULL,
  `backup_start_time` DATETIME NOT NULL,
  `backup_end_time` DATETIME NOT NULL,
  `incremental_based_on` INT,
  `backup_location` TEXT
);
 
-- 记录一个全量备份
INSERT INTO `backup_log` (backup_type, backup_start_time, backup_end_time, backup_location)
VALUES ('FULL', NOW(), NOW(), '/path/to/full_backup');
 
-- 记录一个基于全量备份的增量备份
INSERT INTO `backup_log` (backup_type, backup_start_time, backup_end_time, incremental_based_on, backup_location)
VALUES ('INCREMENTAL', NOW(), NOW(), (SELECT backup_id FROM `backup_log` ORDER BY backup_id DESC LIMIT 1), '/path/to/incremental_backup');
 
-- 恢复全量备份
SOURCE '/path/to/full_backup/full_backup.sql';
 
-- 恢复增量备份，基于最近的全量备份
SELECT @full_backup_id := (SELECT backup_id FROM `backup_log` WHERE backup_type = 'FULL' ORDER BY backup_id DESC LIMIT 1);
SELECT @incremental_backup_id := (SELECT backup_id FROM `backup_log` WHERE backup_type = 'INCREMENTAL' AND incremental_based_on = @full_backup_id ORDER BY backup_id DESC LIMIT 1);
SOURCE (SELECT backup_location FROM `backup_log` WHERE backup_id = @incremental_backup_id);

这个例子展示了如何使用一个简单的backup_log表来记录备份的信息，包括备份类型、时间、基于哪个备份的变更，以及备份的存储位置。在恢复时，它使用了SOURCE命令来应用备份的SQL脚本。这个例子是在假设有足够的权限和MySQL环境支持SQL语句执行的前提下编写的。