RabbitMQ是一个消息代理，它接收和转发消息。RabbitMQ支持多种消息传递模式，包括简单的队列模式、工作队列模式、发布/订阅模式、路由模式、通配符模式等。
- 简单队列模式（Simple Queue）
简单的队列模式是最基本的消息队列模式，一个生产者发送消息到队列，一个消费者从队列中取消息。
生产者代码示例：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='hello',
body='Hello World!')
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()
消费者代码示例：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(f" [x] Received {body}")
channel.basic_consume(queue='hello', on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
- 工作队列模式（Work Queue）
工作队列模式是多个消费者平分任务，每个消费者处理的任务是均衡的。
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='task_queue', durable=True)
message = 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='task_queue',
body=message,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(
delivery_mode=2, # make message persistent
))
print(f" [x] Sent {message}")
connection.close()
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='task_queue', durable=True)
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(f" [x] Received {body}")
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(queue='task_queue', on_message_callback=callback)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
- 发布/订阅模式（Publish/Subscribe）
发布/订阅模式是生产者发送消息到交换机，交换机根据规则将消息发送到多个队列。
import pika
conne
