在Spring Cloud中，服务发现通常是通过Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka客户端实现的，负载均衡则可以通过Ribbon来实现。以下是一个简单的例子：
- 添加依赖到你的
pom.xml：
<dependencies>
<!-- Eureka Discovery Client -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Ribbon -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>版本号</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>- 配置application.properties或application.yml：
spring:
application:
name: service-ribbon
server:
port: 8080
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/- 启动类添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解：
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args);
}
}- 使用RestTemplate进行服务调用：
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
public HelloController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
this.restTemplate = restTemplate;