2024-09-03

在Spring Cloud Alibaba微服务实战中,我们通常需要对外提供API接口,并且需要一个清晰、易用的接口文档。Swagger可以帮助我们实现这一需求。以下是一个简化的Swagger配置示例:




@Configuration
public class SwaggerConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.example.controller"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }
 
    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("示例微服务API文档")
                .description("这是一个示例微服务的API文档")
                .version("1.0")
                .build();
    }
}

在上述代码中,我们定义了一个配置类SwaggerConfig,并创建了一个Docket Bean。我们指定了API的基本信息,例如标题、描述、版本等,并且通过apis()方法指定了需要生成文档的Controller包路径。这样,Swagger就会扫描指定的包路径下的所有Controller,并生成对应的API文档。

在微服务架构中,通常会有多个服务,每个服务都可以有自己的Swagger配置。为了在微服务网关中聚合这些服务的Swagger文档,可以使用Springfox的swagger-uiswagger-resources接口。

以下是一个简化的微服务网关中的Swagger配置示例:




@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
 
    @Autowired
    private RouteLocator routeLocator;
 
    @Bean
    public Docket api() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.any())
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }
 
    @Primary
    @Bean
    public SwaggerResourcesProvider swaggerResourcesProvider(
            InMemoryResourceProvider inMemoryResourceProvider) {
        return () -> {
            List<SwaggerResource> resources = new ArrayList<>();
            List<Route> routes = routeLocator.getRoutes();
 
            // 遍历所有路由
            routes.forEach(route -> {
                // 过滤出需要显示Swagger的服务
                if (route.getId().startsWith("service-provider")) {
                    String name = route.getId();
                    String location = route.getUri().toString() + "/v2/api-docs";
                    resources.add(new SwaggerResource(name, location, "/swagger-resources/configuration/ui"));
                }
            });
 
            return resources;
        };
    }
}

在上述代码中,我们定义了一个配置类SwaggerConfig,并创建了一个Docket Bean。我们使用@EnableSwagger2注解启用Swagger。在\`swagg

2024-09-03



@Configuration
public class ShardingSphereConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        // 配置真实数据源
        Map<String, DataSource> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>();
        // 配置第一个数据源
        BasicDataSource dataSource1 = new BasicDataSource();
        dataSource1.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource1.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds0");
        dataSource1.setUsername("root");
        dataSource1.setPassword("");
        dataSourceMap.put("ds0", dataSource1);
        // 配置第二个数据源
        BasicDataSource dataSource2 = new BasicDataSource();
        dataSource2.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource2.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1");
        dataSource2.setUsername("root");
        dataSource2.setPassword("");
        dataSourceMap.put("ds1", dataSource2);
 
        // 配置Order表规则
        ShardingRuleConfiguration shardingRuleConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration();
        shardingRuleConfig.getTables().add(getOrderTableRuleConfiguration());
 
        // 配置分片键生成策略
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        shardingRuleConfig.setShardingAlgorithmNames(getShardingAlgorithmNames(properties));
 
        // 配置默认数据源
        shardingRuleConfig.setDefaultDataSourceName("ds0");
 
        // 获取ShardingSphereDataSource
        return ShardingSphereDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataSourceMap, new ShardingRuleConfiguration[]{shardingRuleConfig}, new Properties());
    }
 
    private TableRuleConfiguration getOrderTableRuleConfiguration() {
        TableRuleConfiguration tableRuleConfig = new TableRuleConfiguration();
        tableRuleConfig.setLogicTable("t_order");
        tableRuleConfig.setActualDataNodes("ds${0..1}.t_order${0..1}");
        tableRuleConfig.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("user_id", "ds${user_id % 2}"));
        tableRuleConfig.setTableShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("order_id", "t_order${order_id % 2}"));
        return tableRuleConfig;
    }
 
    private ShardingAlgorithmNames getShardingAlgorithmNames(Properties properties) {
        ShardingAlgorithmNames shardingAlgorithmNames = new ShardingA
2024-09-03



import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
 
// 假设这是一个从数据库加载的用户实体类
public class CustomUserDetails implements UserDetails {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;
 
    // 构造函数,从数据库加载用户信息
    public CustomUserDetails(String username, String password, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.authorities = authorities;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        return authorities; // 返回用户的权限集合
    }
 
    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return password; // 返回用户的密码
    }
 
    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return username; // 返回用户的用户名
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true; // 账户没有过期
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true; // 账户没有锁定
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true; // 凭证(密码)没有过期
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return true; // 账户启用
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        CustomUserDetails that = (CustomUserDetails) o;
        return Objects.equals(username, that.username);
    }
 
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(username);
    }
}
 
// SecurityConfig.java 的一部分
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
    auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService());
}
 
// SecurityConfig.java 的一部分
@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
    return username -> {
        // 从数据库加载用户信息,这里假设已经有方法getUserDetailsFromDatabase(String username)
        UserDetails userDetails = getU
2024-09-03



import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.config.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.context.metadata.MetaDataContexts;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.context.runtime.RuntimeContext;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.database.DefaultSchema;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.database.type.DatabaseType;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.datanode.DataNode;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.metadata.model.ShardingSphereMetaData;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.metadata.model.logic.LogicSchemaMetaData;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.rule.ShardingSphereRule;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.rule.type.DataSourceContainedRule;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.mode.manager.ContextManager;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.mode.metadata.MetaDataContextsBuilder;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.mode.repository.StandalonePersistRepository;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.rule.ShardingRule;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.rule.TableRule;
 
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
 
public class ShardingSphereMockMetaDataContexts implements MetaDataContexts {
 
    private final Map<String, ShardingSphereMetaData> metaDataMap = new HashMap<>();
    private final Collection<ShardingSphereRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();
    private final Properties props = new Properties();
    private final StandalonePersistRepository repository = new StandalonePersistRepository();
    private final ConfigurationProperties configurationProperties;
 
    public ShardingSphereMockMetaDataContexts(final Map<String, DataSource> dataSourceMap, final Collection<ShardingSphereRule> rules) {
        // 构建ShardingRule
        ShardingRule shardingRule = new ShardingRule(
                dataSourceMap.keySet().stream().map(dataSource
2024-09-03

Spring Cloud Gateway实现灰度发布通常涉及到修改请求URL的路由规则,以及引入过滤器来匹配特定的请求参数或头信息来将流量导向特定的服务实例。

以下是一个简单的例子,展示如何使用Spring Cloud Gateway的过滤器来实现灰度发布:

  1. 添加GrayReleaseFilter到Gateway中:



@Component
public class GrayReleaseFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<GrayReleaseFilterFactory.Config> {
    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(Config config) {
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            // 检查请求头或请求参数是否匹配灰度发布规则
            if (/* 匹配规则 */) {
                // 修改请求URL指向灰度发布的服务实例
                ServerWebExchangeUtils.addOriginalRequestUrl(exchange, exchange.getRequest().getURI());
                String grayUrl = "http://gray-service-instance";
                ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest().mutate().uri(URI.create(grayUrl)).build();
                // 继续过滤器链
                return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(request).build());
            }
            // 不是灰度发布流量,继续正常的请求处理
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        };
    }
 
    public static class Config {
        // 配置参数,例如灰度发布的请求头或参数规则
    }
}
  1. 在application.yml中配置GrayReleaseFilter:



spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: my_route
        uri: https://example.com
        filters:
        - GrayReleaseFilter

在这个例子中,GrayReleaseFilter会检查进入Gateway的请求,如果它匹配了灰度发布的规则,那么请求会被重定向到特定的灰度服务实例。否则,请求将按照正常的路由规则处理。

注意:实际的GrayReleaseFilter需要根据具体的灰度发布策略来实现匹配规则,并可能需要结合配置中心来动态管理灰度发布规则。

2024-09-03

Spring Boot整合MyBatis Plus可以通过以下步骤进行:

  1. pom.xml中添加MyBatis Plus和数据库驱动的依赖。
  2. 配置application.propertiesapplication.yml文件,包含数据库连接信息。
  3. 创建实体类(Entity)对应数据库表。
  4. 创建Mapper接口继承BaseMapper
  5. 在Spring Boot启动类上添加@MapperScan注解扫描Mapper接口。
  6. 使用MyBatis Plus提供的方法进行数据库操作。

以下是一个简单的示例:

pom.xml依赖配置:




<dependencies>
    <!-- MyBatis Plus Starter -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>3.x.x</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库驱动,以MySQL为例 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.x.x</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.properties配置:




spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=yourpassword
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

实体类(User.java):




import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
 
@TableName("user")
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    // 省略getter和setter
}

Mapper接口(UserMapper.java):




import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
 
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
    // MyBatis Plus自动生成的CRUD操作
}

Spring Boot启动类(YourApplication.java):




import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.yourpackage.mapper")
public class YourApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(YourApplication.class, args);
    }
}

使用Mapper进行操作:




import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 
@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
 
    public void addUser(User user) {
        userMapper.insert(user);
    }
 
    public User getUserById(Long id) {
        return userMapper.selectById(id);
    }
 
    // 其他方法...
}

以上代码展示了如何在Spring Boot项目中整合MyBatis Plus。通过继承BaseMapper,你可以直

2024-09-03

在SpringBoot项目中,为了防止Jar包被反编译,我们可以对Jar包进行加密和解密操作。以下是一个简化的例子,展示了如何使用Java代码和SpringBoot配置来实现Jar包加密。

  1. 使用maven-shade-plugin插件在构建过程中加密Jar包。



<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.4</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>com.example.MainClass</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.transformers.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.transformers.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                            </transformer>
                        </transformers>
                        <filters>
                            <filter>
                                <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                <excludes>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                    <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                                </excludes>
                            </filter>
                        </filters>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
  1. 在SpringBoot应用启动时解密Jar包。



import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment
2024-09-03

在Spring Cloud项目中,配置文件通常使用application.propertiesapplication.yml。以下是一个简单的示例:

application.properties:




spring.application.name=microservice-example
server.port=8080
 
# 服务注册到Eureka
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/

application.yml:




spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-example
server:
  port: 8080
 
# 服务注册到Eureka
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

在Spring Cloud项目中,通常会有多个配置文件,例如application-dev.properties(开发环境)、application-prod.properties(生产环境),或者使用YAML的分层配置。通过激活特定的配置文件,你可以方便地切换环境。例如,在application.properties中指定当前环境:




spring.profiles.active=dev

或者在启动Spring Boot应用时通过命令行参数来指定环境:




java -jar microservice-example.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev

这样,Spring Boot会加载application-dev.propertiesapplication-dev.yml中的配置。

2024-09-03



import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
 
public class DataSourceDecorator implements DataSource {
 
    private final DataSource originalDataSource;
 
    public DataSourceDecorator(DataSource originalDataSource) {
        this.originalDataSource = originalDataSource;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        Connection connection = originalDataSource.getConnection();
        // 在这里可以添加自定义的逻辑,比如设置连接的只读属性
        // connection.setReadOnly(true);
        return connection;
    }
 
    @Override
    public Connection getConnection(String username, String password) throws SQLException {
        return originalDataSource.getConnection(username, password);
    }
 
    // 其他必须实现的方法
    @Override
    public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> iface) throws SQLException {
        return originalDataSource.unwrap(iface);
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
        return originalDataSource.isWrapperFor(iface);
    }
 
    // 其他DataSource的方法实现...
}

这个代码示例展示了如何创建一个简单的DataSource装饰器。装饰器继承了DataSource接口,并在getConnection方法中添加了自定义的逻辑。这个模式可以用来增加额外的功能,比如性能监控、数据库连接的管理等,而不需要修改已有的数据库连接逻辑。

2024-09-03



import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
 
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class EurekaSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // 配置Eureka的安全访问规则
        http.csrf().disable() // 禁用CSRF保护
            .authorizeRequests()
            .requestMatchers(
                // 指定要保护的URL路径
                "/actuator/**",
                "/eureka/**",
                "/instances/**",
                "/info",
                "/health",
                "/status/**"
            ).permitAll() // 允许对这些路径的未授权访问
            .anyRequest().authenticated() // 对其他所有请求要求身份验证
            .and()
            .httpBasic(); // 使用HTTP基本认证
    }
}

这段代码定义了一个Spring Security的配置类,用于保护Eureka服务器不受到未授权访问的攻击。它禁用了CSRF保护,只允许对特定的管理端点的未授权访问,同时要求对其他所有请求进行身份验证。最后,它启用了HTTP基本认证。这是一个简单而有效的安全措施增强措略,可以有效防止Eureka服务器遭受到未授权访问漏洞的攻击。