Java 算法篇-链表的经典算法：判断回文链表、判断环链表与寻找环入口节点(“龟兔赛跑“算法实现)

public class ListNode {
    int val;
    ListNode next;
    ListNode(int x) {
        val = x;
        next = null;
    }
}
 
public class LinkedListAlgorithm {
 
    // 判断回文链表
    public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
        if (head == null || head.next == null) {
            return true;
        }
        ListNode fast = head;
        ListNode slow = head;
        while (fast.next != null && fast.next.next != null) {
            fast = fast.next.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        ListNode secondHead = reverseList(slow.next);
        ListNode p1 = head;
        ListNode p2 = secondHead;
        while (p2 != null) {
            if (p1.val != p2.val) {
                return false;
            }
            p1 = p1.next;
            p2 = p2.next;
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    // 反转链表
    public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) {
        ListNode prev = null;
        ListNode curr = head;
        while (curr != null) {
            ListNode nextTemp = curr.next;
            curr.next = prev;
            prev = curr;
            curr = nextTemp;
        }
        return prev;
    }
 
    // 判断链表是否有环，并找出环入口
    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
        if (head == null || head.next == null) {
            return null;
        }
        ListNode slow = head;
        ListNode fast = head.next;
        while (fast != slow) {
            if (fast.next == null || fast.next.next == null) {
                return null;
            }
            fast = fast.next.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        fast = head;
        while (fast != slow) {
            fast = fast.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        return fast;
    }
}

这段代码首先定义了一个简单的链表节点类ListNode，然后在LinkedListAlgorithm类中实现了判断回文链表、反转链表以及判断链表是否有环并找出环入口的算法。这些算法是链表问题中的经典算法，对于学习数据结构和算法有重要的教育意义。